Articles Posted in Grand Larceny

The two cases hereunder involves an appeal on conviction involving the crime of grand larceny.

The first was an appeals by (1) criminal defendant NJ from a judgment of the County Court, Nassau County, rendered October 14, 1983, convicting him of grand larceny in the second degree, attempted grand larceny in the second degree, and falsifying business records in the first degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence; and (2) defendant DC from a judgment of the County Court, Nassau County, rendered September 16, 1983, convicting her of grand larceny in the second degree and falsifying business records in the first degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence.

Judgments affirmed, and the matters are remitted to the Criminal County Court, Nassau County, for further proceedings pursuant to CPL 460.50 (subd. 5).

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The criminal defendant is a physician who had been employed by SG Company located in Nassau County. The company had a contract with UMD, Inc., covering its employees, and some of these employees or their wives were treated privately by the defendant after he left SG’s service. The People charged that, although the defendant treated them in a number of instances for ailments not covered by SG’s agreement with United Medical, he filed statements of claims with the latter in which he recited that he had treated them for bursitis, an ailment which was covered, and that, on the basis of such false claims involving seven patients he received $492 from UMD under the Blue Shield portion of the contract. This proof furnished the predicate for a conviction of grand larceny criminal counts of filing false insurance claims (Penal Law, § 1202, subd. 1.)

The principal witnesses against the defendant were the patients whom he treated, and the primary question on this appeal revolves about whether those witnesses were the defendant’s accomplices and whether the trial court properly charged on this subject.

In general, the proof adduced was that a number of SG employees or their wives went to see the defendant because they were suffering from such varied complaints as nerves, a carbuncle on the foot or a pain in the stomach; that the defendant treated for such ailments, which were not covered by Blue Shield; and that he thereafter filed statements of claims with UMD in which he declared that those patients were suffering from bursitis and that he treated them therefore by needling the bursa on five or six occasions. The several patients in question testified that the defendant had handed them Blue Shield claim forms which they either signed in blank, or without reading; that they had not been suffering from bursitis; that they had not been treated for such ailment; and that they had not received any injections or needling for bursitis. It appeared, in one or two instances, that, when the patient had paid the defendant for his services, the latter had submitted a claim for a larger amount and out of such sum had remitted to the patient the smaller amount which the latter had paid him. Testifying on his own behalf, the defendant readily admitted that he had filled out the forms and that he had been reimbursed by the UMD under Blue Shield. He insisted, however, that he had throughout acted honestly and properly; that the patients who testified against him actually suffered from bursitis; and that he treated them for bursitis and gave them the injections described in the claims.

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The question raised on this appeal is whether the trial court properly denied defendant’s motion to vacate a judgment of conviction, grounded on claims of prosecutional misconduct, juror misconduct and misrepresentation by a prosecution witness, without initially conducting an evidentiary hearing. We hold that the facts of this case do not demonstrate that the trial court abused its discretion as a matter of law and, therefore, affirm the denial of the motion to vacate.

Defendant was arrested and charged with the murder of his wife, SF. He was also charged with grand larceny for stealing more than $450,000 worth of securities, jewelry and currency from his wife’s estate following her death. During defendant’s 11-week jury trial, the criminal prosecution sought to prove that defendant had killed his wife by injecting her with multiple doses of Demerol over the course of two days, June 17 and June 18, 1975. On December 15, 1976, the trial concluded and defendant was found guilty of murder in the second degree and grand larceny in the second degree. Defendant was sentenced on January 26, 1977 to concurrent terms of not less than 25 years to life imprisonment on the murder count and not more than 7 years on the grand larceny count. On June 5, 1978, the Appellate Division affirmed. Leave to appeal to this court was denied on June 29, 1978.

In January, 1980, more than three years after the trial was concluded, defendant commenced the instant proceeding by bringing a motion in the Nassau County Court, pursuant to CPL 440.10, seeking an order vacating the judgment of conviction. Criminal Defendant’s motion was denied without a hearing. A divided Appellate Division affirmed.

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Defendant’s motion for an order directing that the People make disclosure, directing that they serve a bill of particulars, dismissing the accusatory instrument as facially defective, dismissing it on the ground that prosecution is barred by a legal impediment, dismissing it on the ground that there is a lack of jurisdiction, dismissing it for failure to provide a speedy trial, suppressing identification testimony, and precluding or suppressing use of any statement Criminal Defendant made to police, is granted to the extent that the accusatory instrument is dismissed as facially defective.

Defendant was originally accused by felony complaint of grand larceny in the 4th degree, a class E felony. The complainant is Police Officer who thereby attests upon information and belief that, on August 20, 2004, Criminal Defendant removed a black 2004 GMC from an auto collision shop known as K&G Garage without making payment for the parts and repairs performed on it, that the Defendant drove around the employee who was attempting to stop her from leaving by placing his body in her path, that the Defendant owed the victim $3,648.66, and that Defendant left a check in the amount of $1,000 which, when deposited by the victim was returned for insufficient funds. By order dated January 21, 2005, the court converted the felony complaint to an information through notations and directed that upon the filing of the information the felony charge of 155.30(1) is reduced to the non-felony charge of 155.25, i.e. stealing property. The felony complaint itself bears the handwritten note converted to ct 2, 155.25. According to the notations on the court file, the People, also on January 21, 2005, filed a supporting deposition, which was annexed to the felony complaint, and Defendant was arraigned on the document, which thus became an information. By that supporting deposition, JW attests in pertinent part that: “I am the owner of K&G Garage, 656 Rockaway Tpke., N. Lawrence and was advised by one of my employees, Thomas Watson, that as he was moving cars around the shop this morning a female white, whom he knows to be the owner of a GMC 2004 Envoy Black, Vin No.1GKDT13S042349492, AK, did arrive at the shop and advised that she was here to pickup her car. My employee advised her that she would have to wait for me. With that, the female jumped into her auto and fled with it out of my lot, N/B Rockaway Tpke. I currently have an outstanding balance of $2175 plus parts 1201.72, total $3648 including tax, for a mechanics lien on this vehicle. I had advised the owner yesterday, that there was an outstanding balance. At that time she did possess a Florida Reg. Plate for the car. Today, when she fled with the car, there were no plates on the car. As she fled with the car, this female threw a white envelope containing a Fleet Bank check, with no name, signed but the signature was illegible, check # 94966-98094-0095 in the amount of $1,000.00. I do not give anyone permission to remove any car from my possession, without making full and complete payment for the work completed. I request the arrest of AK.”

This case, and others then pending against this criminal Defendant, were thereafter adjourned numerous times for assorted reasons. All of those other cases have been disposed of. Defendant has declined to make restitution as part of any plea agreement in this case, which then proceeded toward trial. But, by notice that is undated, Criminal Defendant made the present motion for the items of relief specified above. Because of my determination that the accusatory instrument is facially defective, I do not reach Defendant’s other requests for relief.

Records reveal that a man was arrested on a charge of Robbery. He was convicted of Robbery in another jurisdiction, after which a prison term of not more than twelve (12) years, but not less than nine (9) years was imposed upon him. He remained in prison until extradited to the present County and he was arraigned upon the instant indictment on April 1st, 1965. The County authorities lodged a detainer warrant for his arrest on the instant charges at the Prison but did not attempt to return him for trial until a period of more than six (6) years. The accused alleges that during his incarceration in another jurisdiction, he was at all times able and willing to stand trial and that he did not waive his right to a speedy trial by any action on his part. Moreover, he alleges that he made efforts to be returned to this State for trial. He further alleges that he wrote four (4) or five (5) letters to the County District Attorney’s Office requesting a trial, but he was informed by that office that he would have to wait until his release from prison to be returned for trial because the other jurisdiction was not a signatory to the Agreement on Detainers.

The record indicates that he was indicted in the County, for the crimes of Robbery, in the First Degree; Grand Larceny, First Degree (2 counts); Grand Larceny, in the Second Degree; and Assault, in the Second Degree; all of which acts were allegedly committed by the accused in concert with three (3) others. Hence a motion by the accused was filed, to dismiss the indictment for want of prosecution, pursuant to Section 668 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

The court ruled that Section 668 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, in essence, provides that an unreasonable delay in bringing an indictment to trial must result in the dismissal of the said indictment unless the prosecution establishes ‘good cause for the delay’. Since the delay in the instant case has been so long, the fact of its being unreasonable manifestly admits of no controversy. Thus, it would appear that the instant application must be granted unless incarceration in an out-of-state prison constitutes ‘good cause’ for the delay in prosecution.

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Appeal by criminal defendant from a judgment of the County Court, Nassau County, rendered April 28, 1978, convicting her of grand larceny in the third degree, upon her plea of guilty, and imposing sentence. The appeal brings up for review, Inter alia, the denial of defendant’s motion to suppress evidence seized pursuant to eavesdropping orders.

Judgment reversed, on the law, motion to suppress granted, plea vacated and case remitted to the County Criminal Court for further proceedings consistent herewith.

On September 9, 1976 the District Attorney obtained two eavesdropping warrants which authorized interception of conversations by electronic means over telephones located in defendant’s residence and business office at the Educational Assistance Center in Port Washington, New York. The orders permitted the interception of communications relating to the crimes of grand larceny and conspiracy. According to the accompanying affidavits, the basis for the warrants was that defendant was engaged in a scheme involving the theft of motor vehicles and construction equipment.

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Sources show that this memorandum issued by the proper court involves a relator was convicted of one count of grand larceny in the third degree, a class E felony, and one count of forgery in the third degree, a class A misdemeanor, on the basis of his prior plea of guilty. Hence, after conclusion of the hearing, he was sentenced, on each count, to imprisonment in the County Jail for a period of one year, said terms to be served consecutively.

In this instant proceeding instituted by a writ of habeas corpus, the relator contends that the imposition of consecutive rather than concurrent terms of imprisonment was unlawful, and that, since his first one-year sentence expired on September 18, 1969, his continued detention in the County Jail is illegal.

The indictment under which relator pleaded guilty contained nine counts. In substance, it charged that sometime, the relator had falsely drawn four checks, all on the same bank account and to the order of the same payee (each of the checks being the basis for one count of forgery in the second degree and one count of criminal possession of a forged instrument in the second degree, and that he had received from the payee named in the purported checks property and cash having an aggregate value of more than $250.00 (the basis of the single count of grand larceny in the third degree). He contends that since both of the offenses to which he pleaded guilty arose from the same transaction, the issuance of a forged instrument and the receipt of value therefor, the Court lacked power to impose consecutive terms of imprisonment.

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According to a Nassau County Grand Larceny Attorney, the defendant was originally charged with a felony violation of Grand Larceny in the Fourth Degree, which was subsequently reduced to the class A misdemeanor charge of petit larceny, upon the application of the People.

Subsequently, the People made an application to dismiss the misdemeanor charge in order to further the interests of justice. The People’s application was granted by the Court, and the accusatory instrument was dismissed. The People allege that the application for dismissal was made because of the People’s inability to contact the complainant. Now the People have made a motion for an order to restore the above-entitled action to the calendar to allow the People to reprosecute this case on the original felony charge of violating PL Sec. 155.30, Grand Larceny in the Fourth Degree.

A Nassau County Criminal Lawyer said the Criminal Procedure Law fails to bar renewed prosecution of a misdemeanor charge that has been dismissed in the interest of justice upon the People’s motion pursuant to CPL Sec. 170.30 subd. (1)(g). However, this does not appear to be a legislative oversight since the legislature did provide for a bar to renewed prosecutions in other situations. Section 210.20 of the CPL provides that reprosecution of an indictment is barred where the indictment has been dismissed due to immunity, double jeopardy, statute of limitations, and denial of speedy trial. However, Section 210.20 provides that where an indictment had been dismissed in the interest of justice, pursuant to 210.20 subd. (1)(i), the Court may, upon application of the People, authorize the People to submit the charge to the grand jury. Accordingly, a superior court has the statutory authority to grant reprosecution of a felony charge where the indictment had been previously dismissed in the interests of justice.

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The defendant appeals from an order which denied, without a hearing, his application to vacate a judgment of the same criminal court, rendered July 21, 1975, which convicted him of grand larceny in the third degree, upon his plea of guilty, and sentenced him to an indeterminate term of imprisonment not to exceed three years.

The trial court erred in denying, without a hearing, defendant’s motion to vacate the judgment. The appeal from the judgment, which was affirmed, concerned only matters in the record. The issue on this appeal concerns matters dehors the record. Consequently, it was error to hold that the instant issue on appeal was raised and already resolved against the criminal defendant on the appeal from the judgment.

The court, in denying the motion, further erred in basing its decision on People v. Davidson (35 N.Y.2d 227). The Davidson case is clearly distinguishable since it involved a patently incredible allegation which was flatly contradicted by the record. Furthermore, in Davidson, the Judge who allegedly made the off-the-record promise was deceased at the time of the second coramnobis application. In the instant appeal the record does not contradict the allegation of an off-the-record promise; nor can it be said that the allegation is incredible as a matter of law.

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Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the County Court, Nassau County, rendered October 23, 1986, convicting him of robbery in the third degree and grand larceny in the third degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence. The appeal brings up for review the denial, after a hearing, of that branch of the defendant’s omnibus motion which was to suppress identification testimony.

At trial, the manager of a Woolworth’s store in Hempstead testified that the criminal defendant, after waiting on a check-out line for several minutes, seized a sum of money from an open cash register and fled. The manager pursued him and, despite the defendant’s threats of violence during the pursuit, succeeded in capturing the defendant only moments after the crime. At an on-the-scene showup which occurred within 30 minutes of the offense, a cashier who witnessed the incident, identified the defendant as the perpetrator. The defendant, a parolee at the time of the offense, was immediately arrested. A parole revocation hearing was then scheduled. On the night before the defendant’s parole revocation hearing, the manager of the store, who was scheduled to testify against the defendant, was abducted by several individuals who handcuffed and blindfolded him and threatened to kill him if he testified. As a result, the defendant was charged in a separate indictment with, inter alia, kidnapping in the second degree in addition to the offenses of robbery in the third degree and grand larceny in the third degree charged in the initial indictment. The trial court thereafter granted the People’s motion to consolidate the indictments. The defendant subsequently was convicted of robbery in the third degree and grand larceny in the third degree and was acquitted of all other charges.

The defendant’s contention that the consolidation of the indictments constituted error is unavailing. CPL 200.20(2)(b) provides that separate offenses, even though based upon different criminal transactions, are joinable when they are of such nature that proof of one of the offenses would be material to and admissible as evidence in chief upon a trial on the other. These criteria were satisfied in the instant case, as proof that the defendant committed the robbery tended to establish a motive for the commission of the alleged kidnapping and therefore was both material and relevant to that charge. Additionally, the defendant’s claim that he suffered prejudice as a result of the joinder is belied by the fact that he was acquitted of all the charges arising from the alleged abduction of the store manager.

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